Respuesta :

9514 1404 393

Answer:

  (b)  -3

Step-by-step explanation:

The "initial value" is the constant in the equation. It is the value that remains when the x-term is removed. It is the result of evaluating the equation when x=0.

  y = -4(0) -3 . . . . substitute x=0

  y = 0 -3

  y = -3 . . . . the "initial value"